Mirmusavi MH, Zadehnajar P, Semnani D, Karbasi S, Fekrat F, Heidari F (2019) Evaluation of physical, mechanical and biological properties of poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotube/silk nano-micro composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering applications. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomaterials 69(5):326–337. Zadehnajar P, Akbari B, Karbasi S, Mirmusavi MH (2020) Preparation and characterization of poly ε-caprolactone-gelatin/multi-walled carbon nanotubes electrospun scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering applications. įarokhi M, Mottaghitalab F, Fatahi Y, Saeb MR, Zarrintaj P, Kundu SC et al (2019) Silk fibroin scaffolds for common cartilage injuries: possibilities for future clinical applications. Westin CB, Nagahara MH, Decarli MC, Kelly DJ, Moraes ÂM (2020) Development and characterization of carbohydrate-based thermosensitive hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. Ghorbani M, Roshangar L, Rad JS (2020) Development of reinforced chitosan/pectin scaffold by using the cellulose nanocrystals as nanofillers: an injectable hydrogel for tissue engineering. Wang Y, Yu W, Liu S (2022) Physically cross-linked gellan gum/hydrophobically associated polyacrylamide double network hydrogel for cartilage repair. Thanh TN, Laowattanatham N, Ratanavaraporn J, Sereemaspun A, Yodmuang S (2022) Hyaluronic acid crosslinked with alginate hydrogel: a versatile and biocompatible bioink platform for tissue engineering. Sadeghi D, Karbasi S, Razavi S, Mohammadi S, Shokrgozar MA, Bonakdar S (2016) Electrospun poly (hydroxybutyrate)/chitosan blend fibrous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.
#Core shell scaffold trial
In conclusion, the results showed that the core-shell structured PHB-starch/HNTs Cs-ECM could be a suitable candidate for further trial towards ACTR. Also, chondrocyte cells had more viability and attachment on the core-shell structure proving the potential of core-shell nanofibers for biomedical applications. After that, the wettability and in vitro degradability of the core-shell scaffold were induced due to the hydrophilic nature of shell components. Moreover, the core-shell scaffold showed an enhanced Young’s modulus up to 4.45 ± 0.1 MPa that could support chondrocyte cell growth. Additionally, after combining Cs and ECM, the pore size and porosity increased by 9.01 ± 1.82 nm and 85.36%, respectively. The results exhibited a narrower nanofiber diameter of up to 164 ± 24 nm. In this study, a core-shell polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-starch/halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) chitosan (Cs)-ECM scaffold was prepared via the coaxial electrospinning technique. However, there is a need to promote the biological performance of scaffolds maintaining their mechanical strength. Electrospinning is known as a versatile technique for articular cartilage tissue regeneration (ACTR) due to its excellent potential to produce a fibrous scaffold that mimics the extracellular matrix (ECM) of native tissue.
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